Biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS): considering merits and pitfalls

Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery for Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniations

The major problems of revision surgery for recurrent lumbar disc herniation (LDH) include limited visualization due to adhesion of scar tissue, restricted handling of neural structures in insufficient visual field, and consequent higher risk of a dura tear and nerve root injury. Therefore, clear differentiation of neural structures from scar tissue and adhesiolysis performed while preserving st...

Endoscopic Spine Surgery

Surgical treatment of the degenerative disc disease has evolved from traditional open spine surgery to minimally invasive spine surgery including endoscopic spine surgery. Constant improvement in the imaging modality especially with introduction of the magnetic resonance imaging, it is possible to identify culprit degenerated disc segment and again with the discography it is possible to diagnos...

Pitfalls in Cervical Spine Surgery - ReadingSample

Merits and pitfalls of multimodality brain monitoring.

In 1841 Magendi pioneered to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure using the ‘‘sphygmometer,’’ an instrument originally designed for assessment of blood pressure. From then on, it took 110 years before the first intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring data has been published in 1951, first ever introducing the important key-word of ‘‘monitoring’’ in the context of the human brain [1]. From this m...

Learning Curve Associated with Complications in Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: Challenges and Strategies

STUDY DESIGN Descriptions of technical strategies to overcome pitfalls associated with early learning periods in biportal endoscopic spinal surgery (BESS). PURPOSE To introduce BESS for lumbar spinal diseases (LSDs) and to inform certain challenges to be overcome in mastering the technique. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE BESS has shown superior benefits including excellent magnification, a wider ra...